Introduction
There is basically a section break between Romans chapter 8 and chapter 9. As we read yesterday, Paul outlines the incredible and stunning promises of God fulfilled in Christ. With the amazing conclusion of that chapter - nothing can separate us from the love of Christ.
Here, in Romans 9 (and 10-11), Paul revisits God's covenant promises to Israel. This section draws heavily from the Old Testament.
Questions
Why does Paul have "great sorrow and unceasing anguish in [his] heart" (v. 2)?
What are some of the key features of God's covenant people (vv. 4-5)? In other words, what have they received from God?
In vv. 6-15, we read about Abraham, Isaac (and Rebekah), and Jacob (and his twin brother Esau). Paul draws a distinction between "natural children" and "children of the promise." If you can, explain this.
How does Paul contrast human desire and effort with God's mercy in v. 16?
What does Paul say about talking back to God (v. 20)? How does he use the illustration of a potter?
From vv. 22-24, and other places in the Bible if you like, how does God make his power and his glory known?
Towards the end of this chapter, Paul quotes from the Old Testament to help the Romans understand that it was always God's plan to include the Gentiles in his covenant family. What two Old Testament prophets does Paul cite?
Reflection
We should find it striking, right at the beginning of this chapter, Paul's heart and anguish for his own people. Would God help us to feel this level of compassion and great concern for people.
This chapter (and the next two) help us to understand how Jesus is the fulfillment of God's promises to his people in the Old Testament. Jesus is the climax of this redemptive story.
As we have seen earlier in Paul's letter, the theme of faith is on display here, especially as it is contrasted from human effort and ability (or lack thereof).
The mercy of God is an important focus in this chapter (the word appears six times). Indeed, God has been merciful with people throughout history, and he has been merciful with us.
As you pray, call to mind the magnificent mercy of God. The redemption, and forgiveness, and the grace that we find only in him. These things were most evidently and powerfully displayed at the cross.
There is nothing like this gift, or this freedom, that can be found only in Jesus. And we are accepted because of his blood.